What pathological changes are present in hypertension?

Hypertension and cardiovascular disease Chronic hypertension increases arterial stiffness, increases systolic BP, and widens pulse pressures. These factors decrease coronary perfusion pressures, increase myocardial oxygen consumption, and lead to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

Which of the following morphology is the basic pathological change of benign hypertension?

In benign hypertension, the major changes are in the small arteries and arterioles especially in the kidney. Interlobular arteries exhibit intimal thickening and duplication of the elastic lamina (elastosis) and there is hyaline change in the media of many arterioles.

Which of the following is the pathological change that occurs in malignant hypertension?

[10] Fibrinoid necrosis of glomerular capillaries with localised proliferation of endocapillary cells, fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles, and endarteritis of the arterioles and small arteries have been regarded as the characteristic pathological changes in cases of malignant hypertension.

How does hypertension affect blood vessel walls?

High blood pressure can damage the cells of your arteries’ inner lining. When fats from your diet enter your bloodstream, they can collect in the damaged arteries. Eventually, your artery walls become less elastic, limiting blood flow throughout your body.

What’s the difference between primary and secondary hypertension?

There are two primary hypertension types. For 95 percent of people with high blood pressure, the cause of their hypertension is unknown — this is called essential, or primary, hypertension. When a cause can be found, the condition is called secondary hypertension.

What is the treatment for malignant hypertension?

Several parenteral and oral agents are recommended to treat hypertensive emergencies, such as nitroprusside sodium, hydralazine, nicardipine, fenoldopam, nitroglycerin, and enalaprilat. Other agents that may be used include labetalol, esmolol, and phentolamine.

What is malignant hypertension associated with?

Malignant hypertension (MHT), also known as accelerated-malignant hypertension or malignant phase hypertension is defined clinically as high blood pressure associated with bilateral retinal flame-shaped hemorrhages, exudates or cotton wool spots, with or without papilledema. It is the most severe form of hypertension.

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