What is a specific promoter?
A tissue-specific promoter is a promoter that has activity in only certain cell types. Ideally, the elements of the natural promoter region, necessary for obtaining the required level of the gene expression while retaining tissue-specificity, should be known.
Which cells express LysM?
The antibacterial enzyme lysozyme M (LysM) encoded by the Lyz2 gene is broadly expressed in myeloblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils, and thus has been used for a long time as a cell-specific marker for myeloid cells in mice.
Do dendritic cells express LysM?
In addition to monocytes and mature macrophages, LysM is also expressed in most granulocytes and few CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs), as well as a small percentage of non-hematopoietic cells such as type II lung alveolar cells in mice (12,23).
Which of the following is tissue specific promoter?
Tissue Specific Promoters are active in a specific type of cells or tissues such as B cells, monocytic cells, leukocytes, macrophages, muscle, pancreatic acinar cells, endothelial cells, astrocytes, lung… Native promoters, also called minimal promoters, consist of a single fragment from the 5′ region of a given gene.
Which is tissue specific promoter?
A tissue-specific promoter is a promoter that has activity in only certain cell types. Use of a tissue-specific promoter in the expression cassette can restrict unwanted transgene expression as well as facilitate persistent transgene expression.
What is Cre expression?
Vectors expressing Cre recombinase have been used to turn gene expression on or off. The Cre recombinase is a protein that recognizes and mediates site-specific recombination between loxP site sequences in bacteriophage P1 (Sternberg & Hamilton, 1981).
How does Cre lox recombination work?
How does it work? As alluded to above, the Cre recombinase catalyzes the site specific recombination event between two loxP sites, which can be located either on the same or on separate pieces of DNA. Both 13bp repeat sequences on a single loxP site are recognized and bound by a Cre protein, forming a dimer.
What is a cell type specific promoter?
Cell type-specific promoter regulation is a function of each cell’s unique complement of transcriptional machinery components. Bioinformatics analysis of synthetic promoter ‘s TFRE compositions is then performed to determine how differing relative TFRE abundances explain variations in relative promoter activities .
What is Cre LOX used for?
The Cre/lox system is one of the most powerful and versatile tools developed for mouse genetics. It gives mouse researchers sophisticated control over the location and timing of gene expression. Cre/lox is usually used to make knockout alleles, but it can also be used to activate gene expression.
Which is the best promoter for macrophage specific expression?
We show that MSPs can efficiently be used for lentiviral gene delivery, and that the 150-bp proximal region of the CD68 promoter results in significant protein expression and is currently the best available promoter for macrophage-specific expression of transgenes.
How are macrophages used in gene therapy?
Using gene therapy with a tissue-specific promoter, macrophages (or other cell types) can be targeted to either overexpress or silence a specific protein.
How are macrophage specific promoters used for lentiviral delivery?
Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis was performed to determine the GFP expression in different cell populations both in vitro and in vivo. We showed that MSPs can efficiently be used for lentiviral gene delivery and that the 150-bp proximal part of the CD68 promoter provides primarily macrophage-specific expression of GFP.
How are tissue specific promoters used in gene therapy?
In gene therapy, tissue-specific promoters are useful tools to direct transgene expression and improve efficiency and safety. Macrophage-specific promoters (MSPs) have previously been published using different delivery systems.